alcohol testing devices
Blood collection is a vital process in the blood test. Proper blood necessary for the reliability of the results. The general methods for blood collection are (note that this only a reference book - you should only try if you are a professional):
1. Venipuncture - It is the collection of blood from the veins by using a needle and a syringe. In this procedure, the most common site of venipuncture is the antecubital fossa where the Cephalic, basil and mid-cubital veins are found. This procedure is necessary if large quantities Blood is needed for testing, such as glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase test, blood chemistry and many provisions.
Materials needed
20-22 gauge needle, syringe, tourniquet, wet and dry cotton, 70% isopropyl alcohol, Vacutainer tubes or test tubes.
Precautions:
1.1. Remove the first tourniquet before the needle. Patients abnormal blood values can bleed to death.
1.2. Avoid prolonged use of tourniquet, because it will lead to venous stasis which negatively affect the results.
1.3. Do not pull the needle from the vein, as this can injure the vein and will cause discomfort in the patient.
1.4. Not puncture the vein through and through, as this will lead to a hematoma that bluish discoloration of the skin.
1.5. Let the patient rest for at least 10 minutes to ensure that he did not feel faint or bleeding has stopped.
1.6. Sterilize before puncture to ensure that the procedure aspetic.
2. Capillary puncture - also known as lancing or finger puncture is used for smaller amounts of blood is needed, like performing the complete blood count (CBC), peripheral malaria smears and blood smears. This method is useful for pediatric, obese and elderly patients where veins are small and can not be palpated. It can also use of the earlobe and the big toe and puncture sites.
Materials needed
Lancet, capillettes, wet and dry cotton, 70% isopropyl alcohol
Precautions
2.1. Puncture only the specified area as it can traumatize unwanted sites such as bones.
2.2. Discard the first drop as it consists of tissue fluid.
2.3. Sterilization first before prick.
3. Arterial puncture - the collection of blood from the arteries. This oxygenated blood, while the venous blood is not oxygenated blood. This is usually used in Blood Gas Analysis (BGA) when the pH of the blood, bicarbonate (HCO3), carbonic acid (H2CO3) and total carbon dioxide (TCO2) are determined
Materials needed
Luer lock syringe, Vacutainer tubes, wet and dry cotton, 70% isopropyl alcohol
Precautions
3.1. Press site puncture for more than 15-30 minutes, because the pressure of the blood in the arteries is stronger than in the veins.
3.2. Good for sterilizing pricks.
3.3. Observe anaerobic collection and most samples for blood gas testing.
These are the most common methods of blood collection. Each is used according to the needs of the patient.
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